English: A graph, created using Microsoft Excel, depicting the U.S. federal debt from 1790 to 2009. Gross federal debt as a percentage of GDP (blue) and public debt as a percentage of GDP (orange) are shown.
GDP data are from [1]. Gross federal debt data from 1791 to 1939 are from [2]. Gross federal debt data from 1940 to 2009 and total public debt data are from [3], Table 7.1. Total public debt data prior to 1940 are unavailable.
Year Gross_Domestic_Product Total_Gross_Federal_Debt Total_Public_Debt Total_Intragovernmental_Debt Gross_Federal_Debt_(as_a_Percentage_of_GDP) Public_Debt_(as_a_percentage_of_GDP) Intragovernmental_Debt_(as_a_percentage_of_GDP)
1790 $187,000,000.00
1791 $204,000,000.00 $75,463,476.52 37.0%
1792 $223,000,000.00 $77,227,924.66 34.6%
1793 $249,000,000.00 $80,358,634.04 32.3%
1794 $312,000,000.00 $78,427,404.77 25.1%
1795 $380,000,000.00 $80,747,587.39 21.2%
1796 $413,000,000.00 $83,762,172.07 20.3%
1797 $405,000,000.00 $82,064,479.33 20.3%
1798 $409,000,000.00 $79,228,529.12 19.4%
1799 $437,000,000.00 $78,408,669.77 17.9%
1800 $476,000,000.00 $82,976,294.35 17.4%
1801 $509,000,000.00 $83,038,050.80 16.3%
1802 $446,000,000.00 $80,712,632.25 18.1%
1803 $482,000,000.00 $77,054,686.40 16.0%
1804 $527,000,000.00 $86,427,120.88 16.4%
1805 $556,000,000.00 $82,312,150.50 14.8%
1806 $611,000,000.00 $75,723,270.66 12.4%
1807 $583,000,000.00 $69,218,398.64 11.9%
1808 $640,000,000.00 $65,196,317.97 10.2%
1809 $680,000,000.00 $57,023,192.09 8.4%
1810 $699,000,000.00 $53,173,217.52 7.6%
1811 $760,000,000.00 $48,005,587.76 6.3%
1812 $779,000,000.00 $45,209,737.90 5.8%
1813 $960,000,000.00 $55,962,827.57 5.8%
1814 $1,068,000,000.00 $81,487,846.24 7.6%
1815 $916,000,000.00 $99,833,660.15 10.9%
1816 $811,000,000.00 $127,334,933.74 15.7%
1817 $761,000,000.00 $123,491,965.16 16.2%
1818 $730,000,000.00 $103,466,633.83 14.2%
1819 $720,000,000.00 $95,529,648.28 13.3%
1820 $703,000,000.00 $91,015,566.15 12.9%
1821 $728,000,000.00 $89,987,427.66 12.4%
1822 $798,000,000.00 $93,546,676.98 11.7%
1823 $752,000,000.00 $90,875,877.28 12.1%
1824 $747,000,000.00 $90,269,777.77 12.1%
1825 $814,000,000.00 $83,788,432.71 10.3%
1826 $858,000,000.00 $81,054,059.99 9.4%
1827 $907,000,000.00 $73,987,357.20 8.2%
1828 $888,000,000.00 $67,475,043.87 7.6%
1829 $921,000,000.00 $58,421,413.67 6.3%
1830 $1,012,000,000.00 $48,565,406.50 4.8%
1831 $1,042,000,000.00 $39,123,191.68 3.8%
1832 $1,118,000,000.00 $24,322,235.18 2.2%
1833 $1,147,000,000.00 $7,001,698.83 0.6%
1834 $1,207,000,000.00 $4,760,082.08 0.4%
1835 $1,327,000,000.00 $33,733.05 0.0%
1836 $1,465,000,000.00 $37,513.05 0.0%
1837 $1,539,000,000.00 $336,957.83 0.0%
1838 $1,582,000,000.00 $3,308,124.07 0.2%
1839 $1,645,000,000.00 $10,434,221.14 0.6%
1840 $1,559,000,000.00 $3,573,343.82 0.2%
1841 $1,636,000,000.00 $5,250,875.54 0.3%
1842 $1,602,000,000.00 $13,594,480.73 0.8%
1843 $1,553,000,000.00 $32,742,922.00 2.1%
1844 $1,686,000,000.00 $23,461,652.50 1.4%
1845 $1,842,000,000.00 $15,925,303.01 0.9%
1846 $2,045,000,000.00 $15,550,202.97 0.8%
1847 $2,387,000,000.00 $38,826,534.77 1.6%
1848 $2,404,000,000.00 $47,044,862.23 2.0%
1849 $2,395,000,000.00 $63,061,858.69 2.6%
1850 $2,556,000,000.00 $63,452,773.55 2.5%
1851 $2,698,000,000.00 $68,304,796.02 2.5%
1852 $3,037,000,000.00 $66,199,341.71 2.2%
1853 $3,279,000,000.00 $59,803,117.70 1.8%
1854 $3,677,000,000.00 $42,242,222.42 1.1%
1855 $3,937,000,000.00 $35,586,956.56 0.9%
1856 $4,009,000,000.00 $31,972,537.90 0.8%
1857 $4,140,000,000.00 $28,699,831.85 0.7%
1858 $4,054,000,000.00 $44,911,881.03 1.1%
1859 $4,383,000,000.00 $58,496,837.88 1.3%
1860 $4,345,000,000.00 $64,842,287.88 1.5%
1861 $4,599,000,000.00 $90,580,873.72 2.0%
1862 $5,788,000,000.00 $524,176,412.13 9.1%
1863 $7,625,000,000.00 $1,119,772,138.63 14.7%
1864 $9,457,000,000.00 $1,815,784,370.57 19.2%
1865 $9,881,000,000.00 $2,680,647,869.74 27.1%
1866 $8,995,000,000.00 $2,773,236,173.69 30.8%
1867 $8,344,000,000.00 $2,678,126,103.87 32.1%
1868 $8,146,000,000.00 $2,611,687,851.19 32.1%
1869 $7,845,000,000.00 $2,588,452,213.94 33.0%
1870 $7,737,000,000.00 $2,480,672,427.81 32.1%
1871 $7,592,000,000.00 $2,353,211,332.32 31.0%
1872 $8,230,000,000.00 $2,253,251,328.78 27.4%
1873 $8,753,000,000.00 $2,234,482,993.20 25.5%
1874 $8,482,000,000.00 $2,251,690,468.43 26.5%
1875 $8,160,000,000.00 $2,232,284,531.95 27.4%
1876 $8,308,000,000.00 $2,180,395,067.15 26.2%
1877 $8,521,000,000.00 $2,205,301,392.10 25.9%
1878 $8,379,000,000.00 $2,256,205,892.53 26.9%
1879 $9,359,000,000.00 $2,349,567,482.04 25.1%
1880 $10,362,000,000.00 $2,120,415,370.63 20.5%
1881 $11,628,000,000.00 $2,069,013,569.58 17.8%
1882 $12,214,000,000.00 $1,918,312,994.03 15.7%
1883 $12,316,000,000.00 $1,884,171,728.07 15.3%
1884 $11,782,000,000.00 $1,830,528,923.57 15.5%
1885 $11,593,000,000.00 $1,863,964,873.14 16.1%
1886 $12,180,000,000.00 $1,775,063,013.78 14.6%
1887 $13,146,000,000.00 $1,657,602,592.63 12.6%
1888 $13,866,000,000.00 $1,692,858,984.58 12.2%
1889 $13,853,000,000.00 $1,619,052,922.23 11.7%
1890 $15,077,000,000.00 $1,552,140,204.73 10.3%
1891 $15,409,000,000.00 $1,545,996,591.61 10.0%
1892 $16,356,000,000.00 $1,588,464,144.63 9.7%
1893 $15,417,000,000.00 $1,545,985,686.13 10.0%
1894 $14,143,000,000.00 $1,632,253,636.68 11.5%
1895 $15,603,000,000.00 $1,676,120,983.25 10.7%
1896 $15,493,000,000.00 $1,769,840,323.40 11.4%
1897 $16,153,000,000.00 $1,817,672,665.90 11.3%
1898 $18,088,000,000.00 $1,796,531,995.90 9.9%
1899 $19,506,000,000.00 $1,991,927,306.92 10.2%
1900 $20,567,000,000.00 $2,136,961,091.67 10.4%
1901 $22,269,000,000.00 $2,143,326,933.89 9.6%
1902 $24,062,000,000.00 $2,158,610,445.89 9.0%
1903 $25,930,000,000.00 $2,202,464,781.89 8.5%
1904 $25,681,000,000.00 $2,264,003,585.14 8.8%
1905 $28,788,000,000.00 $2,274,615,063.84 7.9%
1906 $31,037,000,000.00 $2,337,161,839.04 7.5%
1907 $33,851,000,000.00 $2,457,188,061.54 7.3%
1908 $30,133,000,000.00 $2,626,806,271.54 8.7%
1909 $32,229,000,000.00 $2,639,546,241.04 8.2%
1910 $33,423,000,000.00 $2,652,665,838.04 7.9%
1911 $34,343,000,000.00 $2,765,600,606.69 8.1%
1912 $37,384,000,000.00 $2,868,373,874.16 7.7%
1913 $39,140,000,000.00 $2,916,204,913.66 7.5%
1914 $36,479,000,000.00 $2,912,499,269.16 8.0%
1915 $38,675,000,000.00 $3,058,136,873.16 7.9%
1916 $49,638,000,000.00 $3,609,244,262.16 7.3%
1917 $59,702,000,000.00 $5,717,770,279.52 9.6%
1918 $75,835,000,000.00 $14,592,161,414.00 19.2%
1919 $78,333,000,000.00 $27,390,970,113.12 35.0%
1920 $88,393,000,000.00 $25,952,456,406.16 29.4%
1921 $73,603,000,000.00 $23,977,450,552.54 32.6%
1922 $73,432,000,000.00 $22,963,381,708.31 31.3%
1923 $85,414,000,000.00 $22,349,707,365.36 26.2%
1924 $86,947,000,000.00 $21,250,812,989.49 24.4%
1925 $90,575,000,000.00 $20,516,193,887.90 22.7%
1926 $96,949,000,000.00 $19,643,216,315.19 20.3%
1927 $95,544,000,000.00 $18,511,906,931.85 19.4%
1928 $97,365,000,000.00 $17,604,293,201.43 18.1%
1929 $103,600,000,000.00 $16,931,088,484.10 16.3%
1930 $91,200,000,000.00 $16,185,309,831.43 17.7%
1931 $76,500,000,000.00 $16,801,281,491.71 22.0%
1932 $58,700,000,000.00 $19,487,002,444.13 33.2%
1933 $56,400,000,000.00 $22,538,672,560.15 40.0%
1934 $66,000,000,000.00 $27,053,141,414.48 41.0%
1935 $73,300,000,000.00 $28,700,892,624.53 39.2%
1936 $83,800,000,000.00 $33,778,543,493.73 40.3%
1937 $91,900,000,000.00 $36,424,613,732.29 39.6%
1938 $86,100,000,000.00 $37,164,740,315.45 43.2%
1939 $92,200,000,000.00 $40,439,532,411.11 43.9%
1940 $101,400,000,000.00 $50,696,000,000.00 $42,772,000,000.00 $7,924,000,000.00 50.0% 42.2% 7.8%
1941 $126,700,000,000.00 $57,531,000,000.00 $48,223,000,000.00 $9,308,000,000.00 45.4% 38.1% 7.3%
1942 $161,900,000,000.00 $79,200,000,000.00 $67,753,000,000.00 $11,447,000,000.00 48.9% 41.8% 7.1%
1943 $198,600,000,000.00 $142,648,000,000.00 $127,766,000,000.00 $14,882,000,000.00 71.8% 64.3% 7.5%
1944 $219,800,000,000.00 $204,079,000,000.00 $184,796,000,000.00 $19,283,000,000.00 92.8% 84.1% 8.8%
1945 $223,000,000,000.00 $260,123,000,000.00 $235,182,000,000.00 $24,941,000,000.00 116.6% 105.5% 11.2%
1946 $222,200,000,000.00 $270,991,000,000.00 $241,861,000,000.00 $29,130,000,000.00 122.0% 108.8% 13.1%
1947 $244,100,000,000.00 $257,149,000,000.00 $224,339,000,000.00 $32,810,000,000.00 105.3% 91.9% 13.4%
1948 $269,100,000,000.00 $252,031,000,000.00 $216,270,000,000.00 $35,761,000,000.00 93.7% 80.4% 13.3%
1949 $267,200,000,000.00 $252,610,000,000.00 $214,322,000,000.00 $38,288,000,000.00 94.5% 80.2% 14.3%
1950 $293,700,000,000.00 $256,853,000,000.00 $219,023,000,000.00 $37,830,000,000.00 87.5% 74.6% 12.9%
1951 $339,300,000,000.00 $255,288,000,000.00 $214,326,000,000.00 $40,962,000,000.00 75.2% 63.2% 12.1%
1952 $358,300,000,000.00 $259,097,000,000.00 $214,758,000,000.00 $44,339,000,000.00 72.3% 59.9% 12.4%
1953 $379,300,000,000.00 $265,963,000,000.00 $218,383,000,000.00 $47,580,000,000.00 70.1% 57.6% 12.5%
1954 $380,400,000,000.00 $270,812,000,000.00 $224,499,000,000.00 $46,313,000,000.00 71.2% 59.0% 12.2%
1955 $414,700,000,000.00 $274,366,000,000.00 $226,616,000,000.00 $47,750,000,000.00 66.2% 54.6% 11.5%
1956 $437,400,000,000.00 $272,693,000,000.00 $222,156,000,000.00 $50,537,000,000.00 62.3% 50.8% 11.6%
1957 $461,100,000,000.00 $272,252,000,000.00 $219,320,000,000.00 $52,932,000,000.00 59.0% 47.6% 11.5%
1958 $467,200,000,000.00 $279,666,000,000.00 $226,336,000,000.00 $53,330,000,000.00 59.9% 48.4% 11.4%
1959 $506,600,000,000.00 $287,465,000,000.00 $234,701,000,000.00 $52,764,000,000.00 56.7% 46.3% 10.4%
1960 $526,400,000,000.00 $290,525,000,000.00 $236,840,000,000.00 $53,685,000,000.00 55.2% 45.0% 10.2%
1961 $544,800,000,000.00 $292,648,000,000.00 $238,357,000,000.00 $54,291,000,000.00 53.7% 43.8% 10.0%
1962 $585,700,000,000.00 $302,928,000,000.00 $248,010,000,000.00 $54,918,000,000.00 51.7% 42.3% 9.4%
1963 $617,800,000,000.00 $310,324,000,000.00 $253,978,000,000.00 $56,346,000,000.00 50.2% 41.1% 9.1%
1964 $663,600,000,000.00 $316,059,000,000.00 $256,849,000,000.00 $59,210,000,000.00 47.6% 38.7% 8.9%
1965 $719,100,000,000.00 $322,318,000,000.00 $260,778,000,000.00 $61,540,000,000.00 44.8% 36.3% 8.6%
1966 $787,700,000,000.00 $328,498,000,000.00 $263,714,000,000.00 $64,784,000,000.00 41.7% 33.5% 8.2%
1967 $832,400,000,000.00 $340,445,000,000.00 $266,626,000,000.00 $73,819,000,000.00 40.9% 32.0% 8.9%
1968 $909,800,000,000.00 $368,685,000,000.00 $289,545,000,000.00 $79,140,000,000.00 40.5% 31.8% 8.7%
1969 $984,400,000,000.00 $365,769,000,000.00 $278,108,000,000.00 $87,661,000,000.00 37.2% 28.3% 8.9%
1970 $1,038,300,000,000.00 $380,921,000,000.00 $283,198,000,000.00 $97,723,000,000.00 36.7% 27.3% 9.4%
1971 $1,126,800,000,000.00 $408,176,000,000.00 $303,037,000,000.00 $105,139,000,000.00 36.2% 26.9% 9.3%
1972 $1,237,900,000,000.00 $435,936,000,000.00 $322,377,000,000.00 $113,559,000,000.00 35.2% 26.0% 9.2%
1973 $1,382,300,000,000.00 $466,291,000,000.00 $340,910,000,000.00 $125,381,000,000.00 33.7% 24.7% 9.1%
1974 $1,499,500,000,000.00 $483,893,000,000.00 $343,699,000,000.00 $140,194,000,000.00 32.3% 22.9% 9.3%
1975 $1,637,700,000,000.00 $541,925,000,000.00 $394,700,000,000.00 $147,225,000,000.00 33.1% 24.1% 9.0%
1976 $1,824,600,000,000.00 $628,970,000,000.00 $477,404,000,000.00 $151,566,000,000.00 34.5% 26.2% 8.3%
1977 $2,030,100,000,000.00 $706,398,000,000.00 $549,104,000,000.00 $157,294,000,000.00 34.8% 27.0% 7.7%
1978 $2,293,800,000,000.00 $776,602,000,000.00 $607,126,000,000.00 $169,476,000,000.00 33.9% 26.5% 7.4%
1979 $2,562,200,000,000.00 $829,467,000,000.00 $640,306,000,000.00 $189,161,000,000.00 32.4% 25.0% 7.4%
1980 $2,788,100,000,000.00 $909,041,000,000.00 $711,923,000,000.00 $197,118,000,000.00 32.6% 25.5% 7.1%
1981 $3,126,800,000,000.00 $994,828,000,000.00 $789,410,000,000.00 $205,418,000,000.00 31.8% 25.2% 6.6%
1982 $3,253,200,000,000.00 $1,137,315,000,000.00 $924,575,000,000.00 $212,740,000,000.00 35.0% 28.4% 6.5%
1983 $3,534,600,000,000.00 $1,371,660,000,000.00 $1,137,268,000,000.00 $234,392,000,000.00 38.8% 32.2% 6.6%
1984 $3,930,900,000,000.00 $1,564,586,000,000.00 $1,306,975,000,000.00 $257,611,000,000.00 39.8% 33.2% 6.6%
1985 $4,217,500,000,000.00 $1,817,423,000,000.00 $1,507,260,000,000.00 $310,163,000,000.00 43.1% 35.7% 7.4%
1986 $4,460,100,000,000.00 $2,120,501,000,000.00 $1,740,623,000,000.00 $379,878,000,000.00 47.5% 39.0% 8.5%
1987 $4,736,400,000,000.00 $2,345,956,000,000.00 $1,889,753,000,000.00 $456,203,000,000.00 49.5% 39.9% 9.6%
1988 $5,100,400,000,000.00 $2,601,104,000,000.00 $2,051,616,000,000.00 $549,488,000,000.00 51.0% 40.2% 10.8%
1989 $5,482,100,000,000.00 $2,867,800,000,000.00 $2,190,716,000,000.00 $677,084,000,000.00 52.3% 40.0% 12.4%
1990 $5,800,500,000,000.00 $3,206,290,000,000.00 $2,411,558,000,000.00 $794,732,000,000.00 55.3% 41.6% 13.7%
1991 $5,992,100,000,000.00 $3,598,178,000,000.00 $2,688,999,000,000.00 $909,179,000,000.00 60.0% 44.9% 15.2%
1992 $6,342,300,000,000.00 $4,001,787,000,000.00 $2,999,737,000,000.00 $1,002,050,000,000.00 63.1% 47.3% 15.8%
1993 $6,667,400,000,000.00 $4,351,044,000,000.00 $3,248,396,000,000.00 $1,102,648,000,000.00 65.3% 48.7% 16.5%
1994 $7,085,200,000,000.00 $4,643,307,000,000.00 $3,433,065,000,000.00 $1,210,242,000,000.00 65.5% 48.5% 17.1%
1995 $7,414,700,000,000.00 $4,920,586,000,000.00 $3,604,378,000,000.00 $1,316,208,000,000.00 66.4% 48.6% 17.8%
1996 $7,838,500,000,000.00 $5,181,465,000,000.00 $3,734,073,000,000.00 $1,447,392,000,000.00 66.1% 47.6% 18.5%
1997 $8,332,400,000,000.00 $5,369,206,000,000.00 $3,772,344,000,000.00 $1,596,862,000,000.00 64.4% 45.3% 19.2%
1998 $8,793,500,000,000.00 $5,478,189,000,000.00 $3,721,099,000,000.00 $1,757,090,000,000.00 62.3% 42.3% 20.0%
1999 $9,353,500,000,000.00 $5,605,523,000,000.00 $3,632,363,000,000.00 $1,973,160,000,000.00 59.9% 38.8% 21.1%
2000 $9,951,500,000,000.00 $5,628,700,000,000.00 $3,409,804,000,000.00 $2,218,896,000,000.00 56.6% 34.3% 22.3%
2001 $10,286,200,000,000.00 $5,769,881,000,000.00 $3,319,615,000,000.00 $2,450,266,000,000.00 56.1% 32.3% 23.8%
2002 $10,642,300,000,000.00 $6,198,401,000,000.00 $3,540,427,000,000.00 $2,657,974,000,000.00 58.2% 33.3% 25.0%
2003 $11,142,100,000,000.00 $6,760,014,000,000.00 $3,913,443,000,000.00 $2,846,571,000,000.00 60.7% 35.1% 25.5%
2004 $11,867,800,000,000.00 $7,354,657,000,000.00 $4,295,544,000,000.00 $3,059,113,000,000.00 62.0% 36.2% 25.8%
2005 $12,638,400,000,000.00 $7,905,300,000,000.00 $4,592,212,000,000.00 $3,313,088,000,000.00 62.5% 36.3% 26.2%
2006 $13,398,900,000,000.00 $8,451,350,000,000.00 $4,828,972,000,000.00 $3,622,378,000,000.00 63.1% 36.0% 27.0%
2007 $14,077,600,000,000.00 $8,950,744,000,000.00 $5,035,129,000,000.00 $3,915,615,000,000.00 63.6% 35.8% 27.8%
2008 $14,441,400,000,000.00 $9,986,082,000,000.00 $5,803,050,000,000.00 $4,183,032,000,000.00 69.1% 40.2% 29.0%
2009 $14,258,200,000,000.00 $11,875,851,000,000.00 $7,544,707,000,000.00 $4,331,144,000,000.00 83.3% 52.9% 30.4%